What is the output of the following code snippet?
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
   int a[] = {1, 2, 3, 4};
   int sum = 0;
   for(int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
   sum += a[i];
   }
   printf("%d", sum);
   return 0;
}

Question

What is the output of the following code snippet?

#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
   int a[] = {1, 2, 3, 4};
   int sum = 0;
   for(int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
   sum += a[i];
   }
   printf("%d", sum);
   return 0;
}

a)
1
b)
4
c)
20
d)
10

Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Answer

The given code snippet initializes an integer array a with values {1, 2, 3, 4}. It then declares an integer variable sum and initializes it to 0.

The code then enters a for loop that iterates from i = 0 to i < 4. Within each iteration, the value at index i of the array a is added to the sum variable using the += operator.

After the for loop completes, the printf function is used to print the value of sum, which is 10.

Therefore, the output of the code snippet is 10, making the correct answer D) 10.

Answer

Explanation:

- Initialization:
- An array `a` is initialized with values {1, 2, 3, 4}.
- Variable `sum` is initialized to 0.

- Loop:
- A `for` loop iterates over the elements of array `a`.
- It adds each element of the array to the `sum` variable.

- Calculation:
- In the first iteration, sum = sum + a[0] = 0 + 1 = 1
- In the second iteration, sum = sum + a[1] = 1 + 2 = 3
- In the third iteration, sum = sum + a[2] = 3 + 3 = 6
- In the fourth iteration, sum = sum + a[3] = 6 + 4 = 10

- Output:
- The final value of `sum` after the loop is 10.
- The code prints the value of `sum` using `printf` function.
- Therefore, the output of the code snippet is 10.

Therefore, the correct answer is option 'D'.

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